![]() ![]() Such an arrangement helps explain the periodicity and periodic trends observed across the elements of the periodic table. ![]() As has been explained, if n represents the outermost shell ( n being two for carbon, three for silicon, etc. The N shell containing 4s, 4d, 4p and 4f, can carry 32 electrons. In carbon group element: Electron configurations The ground-state electronic configurations of atoms of these carbon group elements show that each has four electrons in its outermost shells. The M shell contains 3s, 3p, and 3d, and can carry 18 electrons. The K shell contains a 1s subshell hence it can carry 2 electrons, the L shell has 2s and 2p, and can carry 8 electrons. This decides the electron capacity of the shells. The maximum electrons that can be carried by the sub-shell S is 2, by P is 6, by D is 10, and the F sub-shell can carry 14. Each shell and subshell have a limitation on the amount of electrons that it can carry. The subshells have a distinct shape and configuration, in which the electrons move freely. ![]() They stand for sharp (S), principal (P), diffuse (D), and fundamental (F). The shells are labeled K, L, M, N, and so on, from the innermost to the outermost shell.Įach shell has subshells that are named for the type of emission lines produced from different states of angular momentum. This model has been widely accepted, and according to it, each atom has shells, which further have subshells. It involves the specific arrangement of electrons in shells and sub-shells of Bohr’s atomic model. Write down the electronic configuration of the ground state for sodium (Z11). The concept of electronic configuration has replaced the older concept of valency and valence electrons. The electronic configuration of each element is decided by the Aufbau principle which states that the electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy levels. ![]()
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